The First Nation Algonquin people of North America are one of the most ancient and resilient Indigenous cultures. Despite their deep-rooted presence and contributions to the continent's history, much of their story remains unknown to the broader public! Who Are the Algonquin People? The Algonquins are part of a more prominent language family known as the Algonquian-speaking peoples, which includes tribes such as the Cree, Blackfoot, and Ojibwa. The Algonquin are distinct and have traditionally occupied the areas surrounding the Ottawa River in Quebec and Ontario, Canada. They are known as "Anishinaabe" (meaning "original people") and share cultural ties with other Indigenous groups in the region, though their specific traditions and language set them apart. 5 Unknown Facts About the Algonquin People 1. The Name “Algonquin” is Not Algonquin Many people are surprised to learn that the term "Algonquin" was not originally used by the people. The word likely derives from the Maliseet word "Elakomkwik," meaning "they are our relatives/allies." The Algonquins refer to themselves as Omàmiwinini or Anishinaabe, which means "original men" or "original people." 2. A History of Matrilineal Society The Algonquin traditionally followed a matrilineal society, where lineage, inheritance, and clan identity were traced through the mother's line. This structure granted women significant influence in social, political, and economic decisions within the tribe. Women were often involved in choosing leaders, a practice that underlines the balanced gender roles that existed within their communities. 3. Vast Trade Networks that Shaped North America Long before European settlers arrived, the Algonquin were part of a vast trade network that stretched across the continent. They traded copper, furs, tools, and birchbark canoes with neighbouring tribes. These canoes, for which the Algonquin were famed, were light, durable, and capable of navigating the vast rivers of North America. The Algonquin became key players in the fur trade, helping to facilitate trade routes that would later define colonial economic systems.