Topic of the Day: Zero Knowledge Proof (ZKP)
A zero-knowledge proof is a cryptographic method by which one party (the prover) can prove to another party (the verifier) that something is true, without revealing any information apart from the fact that this specific statement is true. Properties of ZKP · Completeness: if the statement is true, an honest verifier will be convinced by an honest prover. · Soundness: if the statement is false, no dishonest prover can convince the honest verifier. The proof systems are truthful and do not allow cheating. · Zero-Knowledge: if the statement is true, no verifier learns anything other than the fact that the statement is true Approaches for ZKP · Interactive zero-knowledge proofs require the prover and verifier to engage in a back-and-forth dialogue in order to complete the proof. · Non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs are those in which the prover sends a single message to the verifier, who is then able to check the validity of the proof without any further communication from the prover. Applications of ZKP These include transaction privacy on blockchain networks, anonymous voting, execution of smart contracts, etc. Test your knowledge: Which ZKP approach (interactive or non-interactive) would provide protection against a collusion attack?