Here is another way to encourage root growth on your hardwood cuttings. This works very well with Elderberry and Jostaberry. https://youtu.be/vQW7wNbeS70?si=zZPDLUlHxuNhOsj6

In this video i show you the basics of whip and tongue grafting so you can practice the technique and get to grafting this winter! https://youtu.be/MyDEQ4KSDe8?si=pvASt2ZjZ4xpyvpo

Here is a quick video on stool layering. I did this with Aronia in this video, but it works the same with most woody perennials. https://youtu.be/OA_Fd3XmZ8I?si=vm0EMwwL8qMKzLoZ

This apple tree has almost 30 varieties of apples grafted to it! https://youtu.be/kt89pLDr3Ik?si=mfYp9sIdxpk8SSFg

Shipova is a Cross between Mountain Ash and Pear. I think more fruit nerds should add this to their arsenal!