In private equity, there are primary (or platform) investments and bolt-on investments. Primary investments involve direct cash infusions into new businesses, often in new industries. Conversely, bolt-on investments involve adding smaller, strategic businesses to existing portfolio companies, typically within the same industry.
While primary investments often receive more attention, significant amounts are also allocated to bolt-on investments. These have the potential to generate substantial value, making them a key strategy for private equity professionals aiming for impactful yet understated results. Below are some key insights:
- Smaller Scale and Lower Multiples: Bolt-on acquisitions usually target smaller businesses, which often come with lower purchase multiples and better deal terms.
- Immediate Value Creation: Acquiring a lower-multiple business through an existing higher-multiple vehicle can provide immediate value enhancement.
- Reduced Effort and Competition: Due to their smaller size, bolt-on acquisitions generally involve less work and attract fewer competing buyers.
- Strategic Benefits: These acquisitions often bring revenue and cost synergies, allowing for slightly higher bids in competitive processes while still ensuring profitability.
- Streamlined Due Diligence: Access to expertise within the primary investment vehicle facilitates easier and more thorough due diligence.
- Prestige for Sellers: Owners of smaller businesses may prefer deals with established industry players, seeing value in joining a reputable firm rather than being acquired by purely financial buyers.
- Expanded Market Reach: Bolt-on investments open opportunities in markets that might be limited by size-related restrictions.
However, despite their potential, mergers and acquisitions frequently encounter challenges, including integration issues and cultural mismatches. Maintaining awareness of these risks is vital for ensuring bolt-on investments achieve their intended strategic objectives. For further exploration, see my post discussing the pitfalls of poorly integrated bolt-on deals, which I refer to as “clip-ons.”